The First Crusade essays

Tariffs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Levies - Assignment Example By the by, in certain nations, levy despite everything considers a lot of wellspring of government income. The administration can likewise utilize tax as a measure to secure local enterprises. Now and again worldwide rivalry can hurt the local businesses which have not understood full economy of scale. Industrialized nations may have industry that can deliver items at a low expenses halfway because of government appropriation. At the point when those items are imported to a given nation, they may bring undesirable rivalry and make neighborhood industry breakdown. In such manner, government may put exchange boundaries terms of tax obligation to demoralize importation of specific items and permit the development of the nearby business. Actually, a nearby assessment of the duty utilized by various nations has uncovered that, to a more noteworthy degree, the seriousness of the business is connected to the levy forced on similar items (WTO pp 1). At the point when the states need to find some kind of harmony between permitting imports and simultaneously giving an opportunity for the nearby enterprises to develop, they use duty amounts. Levies shares deal with the standard of appointing no or low obligation to a given volume of merchandise imported and afterward charging higher rates to any imported products over that limit. The World Trade Organization bans the possibility of quantitative limitations as a method of ensuring nearby ventures however it permits the framework to be utilized for this reason. Finally, correctional levy can be utilized to cure exchange unevenness that outcomes from measures utilized by different nations. For example, Antidumping Agreement engages states to utilize antidumping obligations to redress instances of demonstrated dumping harmful circumstances. Similarly, the Subsidies Agreement accommodates different states to force countervailing obligations if a sending out nation has sponsored its producer (summer and Smith pp 4). Generally speaking, levy is an

Sustainable consumption challenges and solutions

Sustainable consumption challenges and solutions Sustainable consumption: challenges and solutions Sustainable consumption challenges and solutions Sustainable consumption: challenges and solutions

Differential Diagnosis of Alex Forrest of Fatal Attraction

For my case study my group and I chose the movie â€Å"Fatal Attraction†, and we chose Alex Forrest for our case study. For my part I chose to do the diagnosis aspect on Alex Forrest. Throughout this paper I will be diagnosing Alex Forrest. The following key clinical data will be discussed: client demographics, presenting problem, preliminary diagnostic information, symptoms, client characteristics and history, diagnostic impressions, potential disorders, and the DSM diagnosis. Demographics Alex Forrest is a Caucasian female in her mid-thirties. Alex is an editor for a newspaper. She lives alone in a spacious apartment in New York City. She is single, however she is currently involved with a married man and reports that she is pregnant with†¦show more content†¦Client felt that she had to prove she killed his daughter’s pet rabbit and she even destroyed his car to find out where he lived in the country. Dan was still not interested in any advances from the client but that has not stopped her. Psychosocial History Client has a lack of social support network. No information regarding Alexs childhood, adolescence has been provided. Client mentioned that her father died of a heart attack to Dan but indicated that he was alive but later on we find out that he actually did die of a heart attack. She never discusses her family she was more into her lover’s family. There is no information regarding family history of mental illness, or substance abuse disorder. However, due to her reports, it could be hypothesized that she may have been a victim of sexual abuse or physical abuse at one point in her early life. Borderline Personality disorder has found to be a contributor to child abuse (Spatz 2009). Having parental familial substance abuse and other factors were also predictors for Borderline Personality Disorder. (Spatz 2009) This research is suggested that there was some type of abuse at one point in the client’s early life. From these studies results indicated that more abuses and ne glected children met the criteria for Client’s appearance and mental status are as follows upon observation: Client

The Internet Is Closing Our Minds - 1233 Words

In the debate â€Å"When it comes to politics, the internet is closing our minds,† the side that argued for the motion is the side which best argued their ideas by providing consistency throughout the debate and successfully utilizing a number of techniques in order to win their argument. The side that was for the motion used clear and consistent arguments that were backed by data. They used examples in their argument that the audience could understand and relate to easily. The language and tone used in their argument matched that which was appropriate to the intended audience with timely and relatable examples that argued their points successfully. Siva Vaidhyanathan begins one of his arguments by first defining what the Internet is and isn t. He then takes his case global, stating that the user experiences and the data presented to a user in one country can differ greatly for a user in another country. â€Å"The alleged network of networks is, in 2012, Balkanized, nationali zed, compromised, anesthetized, supervised, circumcised and hypnotized. It s far from global, and it s getting less so every day† (Vaidhyanathan). He then goes on to give examples to back the descriptive words he had listed in his statement. Examples included government censorship and the different online platforms that users may use in different parts of the world compared to one another. The examples he provides make it easy for the audience to accept the magnitude of the issue at hand and that it is indeedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Summary of Is Google Making Us Stupid? by Nicholas Carr942 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Summary of â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid?† by Nicholas Carr As the internet offers us the benefits of quick and easy knowledge, it is affecting the brain’s capacity to read longer articles and books. Carr starts Is Google Making Us Stupid with the closing scene from Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey when Dave taking apart the memory circuits that control HAL, the artificial brain of the ship. Carr feels the time he spends online is rewiring his brain. He is no longer able to concentrate longRead MoreTechnology and Politics1609 Words   |  7 Pagesmodern day and age, technology has become a major influence in our life. In the past decade, we have had a significant amount of technological advances in society that revolves around all aspects of society. Specifically, technology has allowed for ways for individuals to advertise information and express their personal opinions. With advances like cable television, having dozens of different news outlets, and another advance, the Internet, it has become very easy to broadcast bias, stereotypes, andRead MoreEssay on The Issues with Closing Guantanamo1474 Words   |  6 Pagesbase, has been a major source of conflict within our nation and with other nations for over a decade, with no real reasoning substantial enough to close the base. Although our government has come forward and declared that interrogation methods used on some of the detainees has been unethical and has broken some United States laws. But closing Guantanamo Bay is a task that should not be pursued, because it causes more problems to our countries people, our diplomatic and governmental relationships, andRead MoreThe Free Exercise Of Religion Essay1256 Words   |  6 Pagesessential for the health of our Republic. That is why the Founding Fathers enshrined them all in the First Amendment. While some people up hold the first amendment and respect its meaning. Unfortunately, these freedoms are currently under assault by the government, state officials and communities. One example, of how a government in school district, many students are able to express themselves through what they wear to school, students and teachers are free to speak their minds on public school groundsRead MoreMastering Computer Skills773 Words   |  4 PagesYears ago, I would have never thought that people could attend a school over the internet. These days many people are attending school online. Now what about that, if they didnt have computer skills they wouldnt be able to choose that path to attend school. We can use computer skills in everyday life when we are playing on the internet going from web site to web site. Finding and locating Information on the internet will make it easier, if we knew how to use a computer right. To operate a ComputerRead MoreMedia Convergence Worksheet Essay1106 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Internet using any laptop, smartphone, e-reader, or tablet. The lines between traditional media and technology are becoming blurred. As forms of media converge, previously unavailable methods of  communication emerge, changing the way we send and receive messages. In the past there were clear lines between radio, TV, printed media, and the internet. Now newspapers and TV programs all have their own websites giving up to date news as it happens. Printed media can be accessed on the internet usingRead MoreEducation And Public Relations Within The United States806 Words   |  4 PagesI heard of the Internet, but dismissed as a fad that will eventually fade. In 1999 I got my first computer and I could travel the world at the speed of dial-up. Now I can do a lot more on my cell phone than I could with that old computer. With the Internet, technology, and social media administrators have a wide variety of tools in the communication tool bag to use to enhance the educational setting in schools and public relations within the community. If we are expecting our students to be preparedRead MoreThe Patriot Act; Agree of Disagree877 Words   |  4 Pagesprofiling: Are there consequences of discrimination?) to come up with this critical argument essay. There are advantages and disadvantages of the Patriot Act. Although The Bill of Rights gives us privacy that could be invaded, is effectual for our country because this helps law enforcement have more resources and more freedom to help. Here are two disadvantages of the Patriot Act to be discussed. First racial profiling and, second America’s right to privacy under the Bill of Rights. When someoneRead MoreViolent Videogames On The Youth Population Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe youth population. â ¦  Introduction â ¦  Attention Getter: Can violence in video games lead to violent outbreaks and bad behaviour in real life, many people believe so. Are these violent video games moulding and fuelling today’s generation of young minds to a more violent side, forgetting the idea that these games are solely for entertainment purposes. Many studies have taken place surrounding this idea, giving valid points to both sides of the topic. â ¦  Relevance: The topic is relatable to the factRead More How Much is Too Much? Essay1293 Words   |  6 Pagesrespectively. While there are obvious benefits of technology as a learning tool for our children, there are many downfalls as well. This paper hopes to better explain some of the positives, such as fast word processing, Internet information searches and computer reference databases such as encyclopedias and contrast them with some of the negative effects including online predators, child-inappropriate Internet content and the seeming decline of more traditional forms of indoor/outdoor games and

Live Your Life free essay sample

My mother invariably picks me up from middle school, so when I received the â€Å"You’re walking home.† text, I knew something was up. I trudged through the door and bellowed, â€Å"I’m home!†. No response. Voices began to ricochet off the walls of the hallway. Forceful. Words. As I hesitantly rounded the corner and entered the kitchen, commotion, f-bombs, and frustration filled the air. Young and innocent, I plunked myself on the couch; my heart pounded like a Mexican jumping bean. I sat there and rapidly flipped through imaginary pages of my life. Did I do something wrong? My father approached me. Oh no, not this face. His eyes said anger, but his frown said disappointment. Unfortunately, when my dad is furious he morphs into a grumpy beast, and the whole world needs to revolve around him. Eventually, he raged and said â€Å"Brock go upstairs. Your mother and I have to discuss a few things about Max. We will write a custom essay sample on Live Your Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † My cousin, Max is a role model in my life. In and out of school he walked with the swagger that everyone desired. Although Max didn’t believe in Cliques or popularity, he made a name for himself. He competed in the three major sports at school including, baseball, football, and basketball. He taught me how to do a reverse lay-up when no other kid my age knew how to. He taught me how to style my hair so that I didn’t look like Charlie Sheen with a split front. Most importantly, he taught me proper etiquette ranging anywhere from sitting at the dinner table to holding the door open for my elders. I love Max, despite his shortcomings. My parents didnt utter another word to me. I lurked towards my sister Olivia’s room to seek answers. If anyone knew what was going on, it had to be Olivia; she went to school with him. I peeked around the door, sniffles and muffled cries infected my sister. The only other time I had seen her to this extent was during a break-up. Olivia is one tough cookie. Very few topics or insults bring her to tears. Minutes prolonged into what felt like months. After I constantly begged, she snapped and said. â€Å"Max was arrested today at school.† Drugs. My heart dropped. Drugs. The next morning, I lugged my body into class. People knew I was Max’s cousin. I’m not going to lie; I used to brag to other kids about him being related to me to boost my social status. As I took my seat, ten pairs of eyes latched onto my face. I was a helpless antelope being hunted by a pack of tigers. â€Å"You’re Max’s cousin right?† Mid-sentence, my tablemate, packed up his supplies and requested to move tables. Come on. I am in middle school why should this be affecting me? Throughout an entire day of shrugs and uncomfortable stares, I had all but one of my friends to have my back. I started to branch out my 7th-grade year; I developed more friendships every day. After what happened in class, my confidence was already on the downfall. Next to the lockers, my friend and I were making plans for after school, â€Å"I’m sorry Brock. My mom doesn’t want me around you anymore. I’m sorry.† he stated. A mother banished his son from my presence because of my relations with Max. I thought he would try a little harder to make things work? My friend tromped away, and I stood there feeling as if God had just turned his back to me. My throat collapsed. I can’t talk. Goodbye. Everything that happened to Max—from losing friends to drug dealing—made me realize that I was falling down a similar path due to judgment. We shouldn’t judge individuals because of the mistakes they have made, or because of whos associated with them. People begin to shy away from those who have produced mistakes, similar to how Max lost many friends. I lost a friend. There is a chain reaction that comes with judgment. Friend loss leads to depression, and depression leads to a dark and twisted path that involves drugs. Max fell down this route, but there was no way that I was going to succumb to depression or loneliness. Certain people deserve more than one opportunity, but counseling is not the answer. Counseling is a drama T.V. show. The same problem will resurrect in every episode with the same outcome.To break this repeating occurrence, I believe that one friend is the answer. One friend that’ll have anothers back. One friend that’ll guide anot her down the right path. One friend that someone will be thanking for giving them another chance.

New Product Development Process

It is very important for any company with an intention of developing a new product to ensure that all competing goals are well balanced. New product development should follow a systematic process and organizations should therefore be able to adapt to new opportunities for sustainable development.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on New Product Development Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The process of developing a new product should be thoroughly followed within the frameworks of new innovation. As much as an organization may be interested in short-run profits, it is very essential not to lose sight on the long-term goals (Annacchino, 2003). The new-product planning process is divided into seven fundamental stages that are interdependent. The decisions made at each stage affect the ultimate outcome of the process. The first stage of a product development process is the idea generation stage where new id eas regarding new products are generated by the research and development department. Market and consumer trends are analyzed at this stage together with the available opportunities and threats. Ethnographic development methods and competitor analysis are very important in generating ideas about new products. Opportunity analysis should be thoroughly done in order for the organization to come up with concrete facts to be used the screening phase. Brainstorming can lead to excellent ideas about new product lines and features. The possible threats and opportunities presented by the new ideas should be used to decide whether the idea should proceed to the screening stage or not (Annacchino, 2003). The second stage in a new-product development plan is idea screening. The main objective of this stage is to ensure that an organization’s resources are only committed to sensible ideas and concepts. In product screening, various issues such consumer benefits, market trends, profitabili ty and the current competitive pressures are considered before any new idea is approved. The company should also have the capacity to produce the new product or else the whole process remains to be a dream (Annacchino, 2003). The company should have the required technologies and manpower to produce the new product for the idea to sound practical.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After idea screening, the next stage is concept development and testing. During this stage, all the intellectual property issues are explored and the target market identified. Product features and all the engineering details are developed at this stage. The cost and methods of production are evaluated at this stage in order to determine the feasibility of the new product (Kolar, 2000). The other way of testing a new concept is through interviewing prospective customers as the organization tries t o find out their thoughts about the new idea before a final decision is made. The fourth stage is the business analysis stage where the price and profitability of the new product is estimated based on market trends and competition. Methods such as break-even analysis are used at this stage to estimate the profitability of the new product. The next stage after the business analysis stage is product development. During product development, all the resources are assembled and the actual final product produced. The products are produced according to the initial design and customer demands before being taken out for test marketing (Kolar, 2000). The next stage after product development is test marketing where the prospective market performance of the new product is determined. At this stage, the new product is produced and tested in actual situations in which it was designed for. All the necessary adjustments are done at this stage before the product is taken to trade shows. Customer acc eptance is very important and it is therefore very necessary to make sample sales to prospective customers at this stage to find out how the new product is received by customers. A test market area is selected and the actual product sold as the new product tries to penetrate the market (Kolar, 2000). The seventh and final stage of a new product development process is commercialization. After the new product has been tested in the market during the market testing stage, the product is now ready for launching. The organization embarks on serious promotion of the new product with substantial resources being invested in advertisements. During the commercialization stage, distribution channels are identified and the product supplied to the market. Many new products tend to fail in the market due to poor market analysis (Kolar, 2000). A serious organization should be able to foresee any potential failures and this can only be done through careful market analysis.Advertising We will w rite a custom term paper sample on New Product Development Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lack of market demand is among the major challenges that companies face when introducing a new product to the market. Market assessment should be done in the right way for a company to avoid investing its resources in an idea that is bound to fail. There are various mistakes that companies make during market assessment that can result in new-product failures. To begin with, a company that is unaware of its capacity to create a market demand is bound to fail. The market demand is very important for a new product to penetrate in the market. The other mistake that most companies make is only focusing on its technical merits at the expense of business and commercial factors. Incomplete and biased market demand feedback during market testing is another reason why new products tend to fail in the market. Overdependence on the customer’ s interests can make a company forget to consider other factors that affect purchasing decisions (Kolar, 2000). Some companies rely on third party market forecasts that can be at times deceiving. It is essential for an organization that intends to introduce a new product into the market to conduct its own market research using the right methodologies. It is not a wise idea to only rely on the assumptions made by a third-party. Sound business decisions can only be if the market is assessed professionally using proven methodologies (Kmetovicz, 1992). Detailed market investigation is the key to the success of a new product but many business executives tend to ignore this fact. Since there is always a lot of market competition for new products, an organization must put in extra effort to ensure that its products and services remain competitive within the market. Organizations that offer services to customers have to provide other peripheral services to their customers for them to have a competitive advantage. According to the goods/services continuum, a firm should focus marketing the services it provides rather than focus on marketing pure goods (Kmetovicz, 1992). A firm should specify its core services regardless of whether it is goods or service oriented. The bond between the company and customers is made stronger when there is more emphasis on the basic services offered to the customers. Marketing pure goods is important but what makes a company more competitive are the services it offers to its customers (Kmetovicz, 1992).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Annacchino, M. (2003). New product development: From initial idea to product management. London: Butterworth-Heinemann. Kmetovicz, R. (1992). New product development: Design and analysis. New York, NY: Wiley-IEEE. Kolar, A. (2000). The new product development process. New York: NY: Milwaukee School of Engineering. This term paper on New Product Development Process was written and submitted by user Kamren Baxter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Exploring the Yellowstone Supervolcano

Exploring the Yellowstone Supervolcano Theres a powerful and violent  menace lurking under northwestern Wyoming and southeastern Montana, one that has reshaped the landscape several times over the last several million years. Its called the Yellowstone Supervolcano and  the resulting geysers, bubbling mudpots, hot springs, and evidence of long-gone  volcanoes  make  Yellowstone National Park  a fascinating geologic wonderland. The official name for this region is the Yellowstone Caldera, and it spans an area about 72 by 55 kilometers (35 to 44 miles)  in the Rocky Mountains. The caldera has been  geologically active for  2.1 million years, periodically sending  lava  and  clouds of gas and dust into the atmosphere, and reshaping the landscape for hundreds of kilometers.   Yellowstone Caldera is among the  worlds largest such calderas. The caldera, its supervolcano, and the underlying magma chamber help geologists understand volcanism and is a prime place  to study first-hand the effects of hot-spot geology on the Earths surface. The History and Migration of the Yellowstone Caldera The Yellowstone Caldera is really the vent for a large plume of hot material that extends hundreds of kilometers down through Earths crust. The plume has persisted for at least 18 million years and is a region where molten rock from Earths mantle rises to the surface. The plume has remained relatively stable while the North American continent has passed over it. Geologists track  a series of calderas created by the plume. These calderas run from the east to northeast and follow the motion of the plate moves to the southwest. Yellowstone Park lies right in the middle of the modern caldera. The caldera experienced super-eruptions 2.1 and 1.3 million years ago, and then again about 630,000 years ago. Super-eruptions are massive ones, spreading clouds of ash and rock over thousands of square kilometers of the landscape. Compared to those, smaller eruptions and the hot-spot activity Yellowstone exhibits  today are relatively minor. The Yellowstone Caldera Magma Chamber The plume that feeds the Yellowstone Caldera moves through a magma chamber some 80 kilometers (47 miles) long and 20 km (12 miles) wide. It is filled with molten rock that, for the moment, lies fairly quietly below Earths surface, although from time to time, the movement of the lava inside the chamber triggers earthquakes. Heat from the plume creates  the geysers (which shoot superheated water into the air from underground), hot springs, and mudpots scattered throughout the region. Heat and pressure from the magma chamber is slowly increasing the height of the Yellowstone Plateau, which has been rising more rapidly in recent times. So far, however, there is no indication that a volcanic eruption is about to occur. Of more concern to scientists studying the region is the danger of hydrothermal explosions in between major super-eruptions. These are outbursts caused when underground systems of superheated water are disturbed by earthquakes. Even earthquakes at a great distance can affect the magma chamber.   Will Yellowstone Erupt Again? Sensational stories crop up every few years suggesting that Yellowstone is about to blow again. Based on detailed observations of the earthquakes that occur locally, geologists are sure that it will erupt again, but probably not  anytime soon. The region  has been fairly inactive for the past 70,000 years and the best guess is that  will remain quiet for thousands more.  But make no mistake about it, a Yellowstone super-eruption will happen again, and when it does, it will be a catastrophic mess. What Happens During a Super-Eruption? Within the park itself, lava flows from one or more volcanic sites would likely cover  much of the landscape, but the bigger worry is ash clouds blowing away from the site of the eruption. Wind would blow the ash as far as 800 kilometers (497 miles), eventually blanketing the mid-section of the U.S. with layers of ash and devastating the nations central breadbasket region. Other states would see a dusting of ash, depending on their proximity to the eruption. While its not likely that all life on earth would be destroyed, it would definitely be affected by the clouds of ash and the massive release of  greenhouse gases. On a planet where the climate is already altering rapidly, a additional discharge would likely change growing patterns, shorten growing seasons, and lead to fewer sources of food for all of Earths life. The U.S. Geological Survey maintains a close watch on the Yellowstone Caldera. Earthquakes, small hydrothermal events, even a slight change in the eruptions of Old Faithful (Yellowstones famous geyser), provide clues to changes deep underground. If magma starts to move in ways that indicate an eruption, the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory will be the first to alert surrounding populations.

Ethan Allen - American Revolution

Ethan Allen - American Revolution Birth: Ethan Allen was born at Litchfield, CT, on January 21, 1738, to Joseph and Mary Baker Allen. The eldest of eight children, Allen moved with his family to nearby Cornwall, CT shortly after his birth. Raised on the family farm, he saw his father become increasingly prosperous and serve as a town selectman. Educated locally, Allen furthered his studies under the tutelage of a minister in Salisbury, CT with the hopes of gaining admission to Yale College. Though possessing the intellect for higher education, he was prevented attending Yale when his father died in 1755. Rank Titles: During the French Indian War, Ethan Allen served as a private in the colonial ranks. After moving to Vermont, he was elected colonel commandant of the local militia, better known as the Green Mountain Boys. During the early months of the American Revolution, Allen held no official rank in the Continental Army. Upon his exchange and release by the British in 1778, Allen was given the rank of lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army and major general of militia. After returning to Vermont later that year, he was made a general in the Army of Vermont. Personal Life: While working as the part owner of an iron foundry in Salisbury, CT, Ethan Allen married Mary Brownson in 1762.  Though a largely unhappy union due to their increasingly conflicting personalities, the couple had five children (Loraine, Joseph, Lucy, Mary Ann, Pamela) before Marys death from consumption in 1783. A year later, Allen married Frances Fanny Buchanan. The union produced three children, Fanny, Hannibal, and Ethan. Fanny would survive her husband and lived until 1834. Peacetime: With the French Indian War well underway in 1757, Allen elected to join the militia and take part in an expedition to relieve the Siege of Fort William Henry. Marching north, the expedition soon learned that the Marquis de Montcalm had captured the fort.   Assessing the situation, Allens unit decided to return to Connecticut.   Returning to farming, Allen bought into an iron foundry in 1762. Making an effort to expand the business, Allen soon found himself in debt and sold off part of his farm. He also also sold part of his stake in the foundry to his brother Hemen.   The business continued to founder and in 1765 the brothers gave up their stake to their partners. The following years saw Allen and his family moved several times with stops in Northampton, MA, Salisbury, CT, and Sheffield, MA. Vermont: Moving north to the New Hampshire Grants (Vermont) in 1770 at the behest of several locals, Allen became embroiled in the controversy over which colony controlled the region. In this period, the territory of Vermont was claimed jointly by the colonies of New Hampshire and New York, and both issued competing land grants to settlers. As a holder of grants from New Hampshire, and wishing to associate Vermont with New England, Allen aided took in legal proceedings to defend their claims. When these went in New Yorks favor, he returned to Vermont and helped found the Green Mountain Boys at the Catamount Tavern. An anti-New York militia, the unit consisted of companies from several towns and sought to resist Albanys efforts to take control of the region. With Allen as its colonel commandant and several hundred in the ranks, the Green Mountain Boys effectively controlled Vermont between 1771 and 1775. With the beginning of the American Revolution in April 1775, an irregular Connecticut militia unit reached out to Allen for assistance in capturing the principle British base in the region, Fort Ticonderoga. Located at the south edge of Lake Champlain, the fort commanded the lake and the route to Canada. Agreeing to lead the mission, Allen began assembling his men and the necessary supplies. The day before their planned attack, they were interrupted by the arrival of Colonel Benedict Arnold who had been sent north to seize the fort by the Massachusetts Committee of Safety. Fort Ticonderoga Lake Champlain: Commissioned by the government of Massachusetts, Arnold claimed that he was to have overall command of the operation. Allen disagreed, and after the Green Mountain Boys threatened to return home, the two colonels decided to share command. On May 10, 1775, Allen and Arnolds men stormed Fort Ticonderoga, capturing its entire forty-eight man garrison. Moving up the lake, they captured Crown Point, Fort Ann, and Fort St. John in the weeks that followed. Canada Captivity: That summer, Allen and his chief lieutenant, Seth Warner, traveled south to Albany and received support for the formation of a Green Mountain Regiment. They returned north and Warner was given command of the regiment, while Allen was placed in charge of a small force of Indians and Canadians. On September 24, 1775, during an ill-advised attack on Montreal, Allen was captured by the British. Initially considered a traitor, Allen was shipped to England and imprisoned at Pendennis Castle in Cornwall. He remained a prisoner until being exchanged for Colonel Archibald Campbell in May 1778. Vermont Independence: Upon gaining his freedom, Allen opted to return to Vermont, which had declared itself an independent republic during his captivity. Settling near present-day Burlington, he remained active in politics and was named a general in the Army of Vermont. Later that year, he traveled south and asked the Continental Congress to recognize Vermonts status as an independent state. Unwilling to anger New York and New Hampshire, Congress declined to honor his request. For the remainder of the war, Allen worked with his brother Ira and other Vermonters to ensure that their claims to the land were upheld. This went as far as negotiating with the British between 1780 and 1783, for military protection and possible inclusion in the British Empire. For these actions, Allen was charged with treason, however since it was clear that his goal had been to force the Continental Congress into taking action on the Vermont issue the case was never pursued. After the war, Allen retired to his farm where he lived until his death in 1789.

Workers Without Health Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Workers Without Health Insurance - Essay Example It will finally draw a conclusive recommendation on how workers can be provided with medical covers to enhance their heath care service provision. The primary source of health insurance covers in the United States is the employer-sponsored insurance -ESI1. ESI offers job-based health benefits which are in some cases subsidized by the federal government by exempting employer tax on health insurance premiums. In certain companies there are private employer sponsored which are voluntary and depends on the company's financial ability to meet the health care requirement for its entire workforce. Since not all employers offer insurance covers to its employees, not all workers have insurance policies and consequently, their children and spouses do not have them. In most cases, people who are not insured are either workers or family members of the workers. Previous research has shown that most American citizens obtain their health insurances through their employment agencies. However, some working environments do not find it economically possible to offer health insurance services to its workers. These working environments include; those who earn low wages, short job tenures, working part-time or those with low incomes2. In 2003, the Kaiser commission of inquiry reported that of the 124 million workers who were uninsured, 80% of them were self employed and this can be explained by the fact that these group of people do not get access to group insurance which is somehow cheaper. Another group of uninsured workers who formed the remaining percentage were workers with non-working spouses. Causes of medical disenfranchisement People become medically disenfranchised because they lack proper medical insurance cover that they can depend on whenever they are not feeling well. Poor health care in America today has been blamed on lack of worker insurance policies and programs leading to high costs of medical services. As many people continue to work as casuals and part-time jobs, in addition to low wages and salaries, they are not able to meet the medical requirements needed not only by themselves but also by their families. This has led to increased number of people who operate without medical and insurance covers for a better part of their lives. In fact, research has shown that three out five working Americans are not covered with insurance covers. This trend has in the past sparked a lot of condemnation from all quarters especially from government critics. Pressure is therefore building on employers to ensure that all its employees are insured. However, with increased incidences of political unwillingness, societal diversity and stagnating economies, it is no longer economically visible to offer all people the medical insurance cover they need. The burden has been therefore left to the workers to seek private insurance covers, which are very expensive to them.

Lactic acid and ethanol fermentation Lab Report

Lactic acid and ethanol fermentation - Lab Report Example The presence of CO2, released as the waste product is responsible for its foam like expansion as it forms bubbles in the dough. Ethanol, on the other hand evaporates from the dough completely after the bread is fully baked (Kratz, 2005). Ethanol fermentation that is carried out by yeast is employed for the production of nearly all beverages containing alcohol except for those produced by maceration of carbon. In addition, the production of wines and brandies is carried out by the process involving fermentation of natural sugar of fruits, especially that of grapes. While beers, ales and whiskeys are produced by the fermentation of grain starches that is converted to sugar by application of enzymes called amylase that is present in germinated grain kernels. Vodka is produced by the fermentation of amylase-treated grains or potatoes, while the first step involved in the production of rum is the fermentation of cane sugar. In each and every process the fermentation must take place in a v essel that is specifically arranged to allow CO2 to escape, but at the same time preventing the external air from coming in, as formation of ethanol can only take place in absence of oxygen. The yet another use of yeast fermentation of various carbohydrate products is to produce ethanol that can be used for the fuels. Ethanol fuel is ethyl alcohol, the same type of alcohol which is found in alcoholic beverages. It is mostly used as biofuels additive for gasoline in motor fuels (alcohol and you). Method and materials used for making wine For making wine, grapes or berries are crushed, depending upon the type of wine that is to be made. Yeast is then added to this mush of crushed fruits that consumes the sugars... The historic uses of fermentation were mostly the creation of alcoholic beverages such as mead, wine and beer, which date back to 7, 000 BC in some parts of Middle East. However, the fermentation of food items such as milk and other vegetables was experimented almost thousand years later. In 1857, Louis Pasteur, a French Chemist connected yeast to fermentation and defined it as respiration without air. Later, in 1907, Eduard Buchner, the German chemist found out that fermentation is actually caused by yeast secretions which can even take place outside the living cells. In 1920s, scientist discovered that extracts of muscle catalyze the formation of lactate from glucose in the absence of air. They also revealed that fermentation reactions are not peculiar to the action of yeast but can also occur in many other cases of glucose utilization. For making wine, grapes or berries are crushed, depending upon the type of wine that is to be made. Yeast is then added to this mush of crushed fruits that consumes the sugars released in their juices. A 5 gms packet of dry yeast or 35 ml to 175 ml of liquid yeast would be the right amount for making 5 gallons of wine.

Discrimination and Physical Appearance :: essays papers

Discrimination and Physical Appearance There are billions of people living in this world, and that is the most important reason why there is a discrimination. This discrimination occurs due to the difference of skin color, religion, language, and even culture. Back in my home country, there are two groups of people who always seem to discriminate one another. These two groups are the Indonesian natives and the Chinese. Since my skin color is very much different as compared to the Indonesian natives’ I could hardly make friends with them. This was mainly because I always thought that the Indonesians were low-class people just because they are poor; they worked as servants, street sweepers and labors. I believed that this thought applies to most of the other Chinese. The Chinese always think that they are much better off than then dark-skinned Indonesians because the Chinese hold the majority of the business throughout the whole Indonesia although the Chinese population is extremely small in Indonesia. Besides the difference in skin color, I used to think that I would never make friends with the natives because ninety nine percent of them were Moslems. I began to realize that I was absolutely wrong when I left my home country for Singapore to continue my further studies. There, I was very impressed how the Singaporeans, the Indians and the Malays get along together very well. There is even a racial harmony day held once a year. Since then, I started to treat my surrounding people equally regardless of their skin color, language, and religion. When I went back to Indonesia, I tried to make friends with the natives. I then realized that they were just the same as the Chinese. I felt very sorry whenever I thought of how I treated my servants and my other Indonesians so badly in the past. I should have treated the Indonesians well since the beginning because Indonesia does not belong to the Chinese; I was only a foreigner there.

Studying Deviance from a Socio-cultural Stance

Robert K. Merton describes deviance as a unaccepted means of attaining socially important goals. His term innovation requires the person to obtain such goals (wealth, power, etc†¦) in socially unacceptable means, therefore placing the person in the category of a deviant. The strengths of looking at deviance in criminology are the boundless resources of sociologists and other social scientists such as Merton, Emile Durkheim, and George Herbert Mead.Their works are timeless and to the point as they do not need to reflect the current state of societies and instead only the underlying conflict theories from that school of thought that they represent. They are complimentary to current studies, but herein lies the weakness and that is the ever-changing actors and states in societies that need to be studied. The most important factor is the socio-cultural root of socially important goals that deviancy holds many times for the criminal.Those born into poverty and those whose ethnicity o r other minority status puts them into societal disadvantage may innovate ways to achieve simple survival when economies fail them. These socio-cultural roots need to be further explored. The past decade has shown more minority arrests on the part of women and black men, for example. A research study done by the National Institute of Justice suggests that rates of violent crimes by women is on the increase and the term â€Å"marginalized† is used to possibly explain that the most vulnerable women (those who are victims of crimes perpetuated by others) are most likely to commit crimes themselves.But the weakness is the absence of explanation as to why now this is a growing problem as women have always held minority status, but have not shown this level of deviancy. Black men are another group that is disproportionately incarcerated in relation to whites. The question may be of what is the rate of arrest vs. conviction? Is it that these minority populations are being arrested a t higher rates and inevitably convicted due to the financial strain of defense and, in fact deviancy has not changed, arresting attitudes have changed?Research is of the utmost importance in revealing these answers. At any rate these are socio-cultural issues, as is the issue of the images and glamorization of crime in some groups. Pierce and Singleton (1995) suggest that in young African American youth achieving is related to a sense of competence and that that competence represents a sense of control over their possibly out-of-control environments.Innovation then is transformed into deviancy when control and competence is the desired outcome. Looking at conflict theory and economics is the key to understanding this, but it does make it difficult for the Criminologist, as he or she must look to the current state of affairs in a society and look back to theories; sometimes in other disciplines to comprehend deviancy. Studies must be done on motivation and perception, which are highl y psychological.Organizational Behavior offers insight into, such deviant topics as gangs and recruitment, etc†¦Political Science may be utilized to look at other comparable societies to one’s own and the crime rate in relation to regime/regime change and other political factors. Theology (and the Protestant Ethic, for example) may offer insight into deviancy of past and present, as well. But, most importantly a Criminologist must understand the socio-cultural roots, stereotypes, and cultural bias that exists in his/her own community of interest to understand deviancy as innovation and the roots of all this. References Eitzen, D. S.   Phi Delta Kappan. April 1992.   â€Å"Problem Students: The Sociocultural Roots†.   p.587. Mead, G.H. (1918) â€Å"The Psychology of Punitive Justice†, American Journal of Sociology 23: 577-602. National Institute of Justice.   (1999).   â€Å"Research on Women and Girls in the Justice System: Plenary Papers of the 1999 Conference on Criminal Research and Evaluation-Enhancing Policy and Practice Through Research†. Volume 3. Pierce, W.J. & Singleton, S.M.   (1995).   â€Å"Improvisation as a concept for understanding and treating violent behavior among African American youthâ€Å". Families in Society. 76(7).   pp.444-450.

Leadership Style in the Movie Gladiator - 4901 Words

GROUP PAPER/LEADERSHIP GLADIATOR, by Ridley Scott (2004) 1. INTRODUCTION Acting as observers in this case, we are reviewing the leadership from the perspective of the son of Caesar, Commodus. A man, with love lost. A man, without the desired virtues set by his Father. A man, without morals, as stated by his Father. A man, who competes for favor, trust, honor and value with an authentic leader like Maximus, someone whom has also had the love of Commodus Father and fails to connect with his followers. 1.1 Within and under the guardianship of his father, Commodus struggles to attain any of the qualities connected to an ethical type of leadership that was set up by his Father, namely wisdom, justice, fortitude and temperance, and with†¦show more content†¦Commodus also went against the demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct, which is a shared definition of ethical leadership according to Eisenbeiss (2012), and something that also includes the advocacy of such behavior to followers.(Eisenbeiss 2012:792) Connecting the orientations of justice and moderation, is also applicable here, due to the proposed shift by Aurelius and also something that i.e altered the course of his life drastically and immediately (Eisenbeiss 2012:795) Another aspects addressed in this paper is the dilemma Commodus encounter in his meeting and interaction with Maximus, someone with an authentic leadership style, further contrasting his own shortcomings and strengths. The way that Commodus d ealt with his- what he considered- betrayal, actually catapulted Maximus even further into such a leadership, due to the life changing event that occurred when his family was slaughtered (Northouse 2013:266) The theoretical approach for authentic leadership would have it that such leaders display self-awareness, and internalized moral perspective, balanced processing and relational transparency, all of which can be seen in the character of Maximus even though his processing went through stages where his balance was in questions, naturally due to the loss of his family and being imprisoned and sold like a slave. His moral reasoning, stemming from a military core as well, could have said to have a further impact onShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Behaviour - Movie Review4166 Words   |  17 PagesORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR MOVIE REVIEW ON GLADIATOR GMBA January 2008 Avinash Anand â€Å"We mortals are but Shadows and Dust Maximus†¦ Shadows and Dust!† - Proximo Summary The movie, set in 180 A.D. traces the journey of a man who goes from being a trusted army General to the Emperor of Rome to a Slave to a Gladiator who eventually defies the Empire to exact his revenge and ensure that Rome gets converted back into a Republic. The movie highlights various aspects of inter personal relationshipsRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesdescribe these experiences, and, of course, note all relevant information, including, but not limited to, any of the following: your duties or responsibilities, your research project, your mentors, your writing experience, your skill sets, and your leadership qualities. Show professional growth or development by linking these experiences to what you learned as an undergraduate—and without ―lecturingâ€â€" to a reader who knows more than you. 4. Include special achievements: You might include literary or researchRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 Pageshad asked for me I never found out. The phone wasn t important to me, and I had no one to speak with at home really, or, well, when there was something serious, dad was there for me. Then he could do anything for me, run downtown with his cocky style trying to settle stuff. He had a way of walking which made people go, like Who the fuck is that? But he didn t care about all the normal stuff, what happened in school, in football and with friends, so I had to talk to myself or get outside

Bullying And Its Effects On Children Essay - 1329 Words

Many people each and everyday deal with some type of bullying. There are two types of bullying, there is regular bullying (more of the physical side) and then there is Cyberbullying which affects people mentally and physically. â€Å"It can go on at home or back at school. Cyberbullying is seen more in children 12 and younger and in middle school† (Spectre, 2016). Some people don’t know what cyberbullying is, how it can impact a person’s life and how one can address the situation. Parents sometimes don’t know what to do when their child has been bullied or cyberbullied. I have seen it go on online and during school hours and it is hard trying to get the guts up to go tell someone. I am a victim of both types of bullying. Cyberbullying happens to everyone, doesn’t matter what time of day or day of the week. â€Å"More than 16,000 kids are absent from school because of some type of bullying† (Award, 2015). Bullying needs to stop now before it gets worse for all of us. What is Cyberbullying? Cyberbullying occurs when you get bullied with electronics; electronics like cell phones, computers, and tablets that could be used for bullying someone. This can also take place on social media, texting, and on many different websites. â€Å"There are many examples of cyberbullying like mean text messages, emails, rumors sent by emails or posted on social media, embarrassing pictures or videos posted online or making a fake profile to harass someone† (Services, 2016). When it comes to telling anShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Bullying on Children1344 Words   |  5 Pages Bullying in schools is believed to be a normal part of school life, however, when people begin to have this mentality, they forget that bullying is physically and psychologically harmful to both the bully and the victim, therefore, bullying must be eradicated from schools by raising awareness and increasing supervision. The act of bullying or the fear of being bullied underlies almost everything kids do these days. No longer can students leave the gossip and self-doubt at school and go home forRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1413 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Bullying is considered to be aggressive behavior that is repeated or has the potential to be repeated, over a period of time. The actions of bullying can include spreading rumors, making threats, verbally or physically attacking someone, or purposely isolating someone from a group. As children attempt to make sense of traumatic events, new behavioral problems can stem from re-experienced occurrences. Some children affected may disassociate themselves from the situations and absorb themselvesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1476 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral decades, bullying has spread significantly. It has been present all over the world for as long as people can remember. And when technology was released, it created new ways for people to communicate, which made bullying become even worse than before. Adults, teenagers, and children that are all the same are being bullied. Bullying can take form in many different ways, as well as it can affect the victim, and people ar e also able to stop the behavior. THE TYPES OF BULLYING A bullying victim canRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1181 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is unwanted behavior that causes a child to feel isolated and alone. In order for an act to be considered bullying the act has to be, or be able to be repeated multiple times. Bullying can be done verbally by teasing, name-calling, taunting or inappropriate sexual comments directed at someone to purposefully upset them. Bullying can be done socially by isolating students on purpose, telling other students not to play with them, spreading rumors about students or attempting to embarrassRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1528 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leavingRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1366 Words   |  6 Pagescausing this behavior. Primary school is an especially tough time for our young ones. If educators are really looking to put an end to bullying, they have to attack it from the root of the problem (Linder-Altman). What a child is wearing will not get them bullied, it depends on the bully. Making uniforms mandatory in efforts to decrease bullying, only teaches our children that the only way to be accepted is by conforming which is not what we should be pushing for. It’s important to attack the problemRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1533 Words   |  7 PagesBullying can happen anywhere and to anyone whether it is online or in person. It can happen at school, in your neighborhood, or while your on-line. â€Å"Bullying is when someone is being hurt by words or by actions on purpose.† â€Å"Cyberbullying is using technology - internet, email, cell phones, social media, pictures - to hurt or harm someone.† It can have a major effect on the bully and the victim both. But, bullying is not just name calling, it is also teasing, spreading rumors, leaving someone outRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children864 Words   |  4 PagesKerianna Rimmer Have you ever been bullied? Have you ever bullied someone? Bullying has become a huge issue. It is occurring all across the world. There are a few different types of bullying, which I will be discussing. First, bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among children. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential of being repeated. Both kids who bully and are bullied may have serious, lasting problems. Bullying is a form of behavior in which someone repeatedly and intentionally causesRead MoreBullying And Its Effects On Children1990 Words   |  8 Pagesmore than 160,000 children miss school out of fear of being bullied, according to National Education Association estimates. Bullying takes many forms, ranging from the seemingly innocuous name-calling to the more harmful cyberbullying to severe physical violence. It happens everywhere, at all times to the most vulnerable of kids, especially those who are obese, gay or have a disability. And besides the physical, emotional and psychological tolls it imposes on victims, bullying produces adverse socioeconomicRead MoreBullying And Its Effect On Children1144 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is found in elementary, middle, and high school all around the world. School bullying occurs at similar rates such as cultures, countries and educational settings. It can take many direct and indirect forms, like physical violence, name calling, taunting, teasing, horrible rumors, and social exclusion. Since the late 90’s, several school shootings committed by the victims of the school bullying have brought media attention to the issue. First, bullying depends upon imbalance of power,

`` For Native Americans, Land Is More Than Just The Ground...

Author Kelli Mosteller wrote â€Å" For Native Americans, Land Is More Than Just The Ground Beneath Their Feet, â€Å" and in the article she argues that keeping Native American land under Native American control will result in the prosperity of their culture. In this essay, I will examine the methods Mosteller uses to prove her argument and establish herself as a credible source. Different approaches may be used in order to convince every aspect of the reader and leave no room for doubt. Appealing to the readers logical, ethical, and emotional sides are included in the distinct approaches, as well as using a variety of argument types to present separate problems. I believe Mosteller does an appropriate job of using ethos, logos, and pathos to persuade her audience into agreeing that Native Americans are capable of flourishing without the presence of non-natives. The article is catered to an audience made up of people willing to take action towards implementing independent Native A merican societies without the interference of outside parties in order to preserve their ancestral culture, as Kelli Mosteller argues in favor of. The audience includes government officials, Native American activists, and any others for the advancement of Native American people. The author communicates her position through a web article on The Atlantic, a popular website for opinionated news articles. Mosteller’s objective is to convince the audience of her argument and establish herself as a credibleShow MoreRelatedComparing Cherokee And Lakota Creation Stories1721 Words   |  7 PagesA Comparison of the Cherokee and Lakota Creation Stories Joshua J. 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To imagine what took place here nearly two hundred years ago is trulyRead MoreEssay about California Missions – Monuments or Tombstones?1425 Words   |  6 Pagesthe land they walk on. Consequently, visitors to the missions treat them as mere tourist attractions, instead of trying to embrace and understand the complex issues the missions represent. The issue was brought sharply into focus for me recently, when I was in the cemetery of Mission Santa Barbara. It was a sunny afternoon and the tiny graveyard was crowded with people. I stood there and took in the scene around me. I saw children eating candy bars and dropping the wrappers on the ground. A groupRead MoreThe European Immigration And The New World1366 Words   |  6 PagesIn fourteen hundred and ninety two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. So begins the European immigration to the New World. Native American people would be forever changed by these immigrants to their culture. The European immigrants were mostly Judeo Christians while the Native Americans had their own belief system. These two cultures each have creation stories that are somewhat similar and yet still different. Judeo Christian beliefs hold that, in the first chapter of Genesis, God created the worldRead MoreAnalysis of Brower vs. Dominy argument in Encounters with the Archdruid1478 Words   |  6 Pagesthe University of Wyoming in 1932 and, after an unsuccessful stint as a teacher, became a county agricultural agent for the federal government in Wyomings Gillette County. This was the time of the Great Depression and also a great drought in the American Midwest, which quickly garnered the name of the dust bowl. 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In 1872 Yellowstone was declared the world’s first national park as a way to preserve and protect the land for the â€Å"benefit and enjoyment of future generations.† (National Park Service) Yellowstone National Park covers a vast area in the NorthwesternRead More Asphyxiation1930 Words   |  8 Pagesthat night: two hikers found two dead bodies at Camper Creek on the West Coast Trail on the sixth of May 1998. The article didn’t say who the hikers were, nor did it say who the dead Native Americans were, for what would the world do with those four meaningless names? None of the four was famous, beautiful, or rich: just normal people drawn together on one particular night. The encounter was determined by two simple factors: the spe ed of the hikers along the soggy trail and the speed of leaking gasRead MoreNational Parks3567 Words   |  15 PagesYosemite National Park and The Grand Canyon. History and Definition A national park is a noun defined as a tract of land declared public property by a national government with a view to its preservation and development for purposes of recreation and culture. National parks are usually geographically located in places that have been largely undeveloped, and feature areas with native animals, plants, and endangered ecosystems. Once in a while a national park will be located in a developed area with

UK Post-War Welfare Settlements Free Essays

Compare and contrast the trends in the ‘settling’ ‘unsettling’ of the political, economic social settlements for the UK social policies relating to health care and social housing. (Approx 2 pages) Explain and illustrate the broad nature of the UK post-war welfare settlements (namely political, economic, social organizational) and their reconstruction in the 1980s and 1990s. In what ways has the discourse of management affected the above two areas of social policy (i. We will write a custom essay sample on UK Post-War Welfare Settlements or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. health care social housing). In the United Kingdom, after the destruction weathered by the British populace during World War II and the subsequent poverty weathered by so many of the British peoples, the argument for the right of universal public services or the creation of an all-encompassing welfare state became popular. The idea that all British citizens had the innate right to accessible roads and a clean and healthy environment was extended to education, social housing, and to health services. Even then, however, there was some disagreement within Parliament about extending such social welfare programs to all, namely that of â€Å"cost. Selectivity is often presented as being more efficient: less money is spent to better effect. There are problems with selective services,† because â€Å"recipients have to be identified, the services can be administratively complex and expensive to run, and there are often boundary problems caused by trying to include some people while excluding others. Selective services sometimes fail to reach people in need,† and to limit the elitism that had so often marked policies in the past, universalism was adopted as the ethos of all social policy programs in the United Kingdom. Thus, unlike the solidarity system of social policy adopted in France, which attempts to provide care via mutually shred social obligations, the United Kingdom created what could be called ‘unsettling’ challenge to its former institutional system of social welfare. It created a new system, one in which need was accepted as a normal part of all British citizens social live. (â€Å"Social Policy,† 2005) This guarantee of minimum standards included a minimum income for all Britans. (â€Å"The Welfare State, 2005) The United Kingdom became a unitary state in which central government substantially directed most government activities of social welfare policy, rather than leaving the enforcement of these policies to private industry. (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Welfare such as universal health care for all citizens was provided for the population as a whole, in the same way as public services like roads, and the school system was rendered more accessible to all, as students who distinguished themselves received government support for their educations. In an institutional system, welfare is not just for the poor: it is for everyone. † The Beveridge Report of 1942 proposed a system of National Insurance, based on three cornerstones, of equal family allowances, a national health service, and the goal of full employment-this created a new idea of natural human rights than had existed before in England, and settled the question of what constituted innate human rights for the next decades, until the event of Thatcherism in the 1980’s. (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Eventually, the Beveridge Report â€Å"became a major propaganda weapon, with both major parties committed to its introduction,† because of its popularity. During the war, the coalition government had already committed itself to full employment through free universal secondary education, and the introduction of family allowances, and the right to public housing for all in the form of such innovations council flats as part of the war effort, but unlike the United States social welfare policies during World War II, the British government made a commitment to retaining this philosophy and these formal institutions even after the end of conflict. â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) After World War II, all references to the working classes were removed from British laws. â€Å"The replacement of the housing stock, particularly through clearances, became council housing’s main role, with mass building. The subsidies favoured industrial, high-rise building, though this was often more expensive than the alternatives. Quantity was more important than quality. (Housing and Urban Policy,† 2005) When the Labour Government was elected in 1945 it introduced three key acts: the 1946 National Insurance Act, which implemented the Beveridge scheme for social security and old-age pensions, the National Health Service Act 1946; and the 1948 National Assistance Act, which abolished the Poor Law while making provision for welfare services such as housing. † (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Thus, the United Kingdom became a unitary state in which central government substantially directed most government activity. However, during the 1980’s and 1990’s, the rise of Thatcherism began to bring a new ethos to the land. In terms of social housing policy, for example, â€Å"the growth of owner-occupation in Britain† based on tax advantages became more common in the 1980s and 1990s. The Building Societie once founded on a social, co-operative and non-profit making basis, became banks during these decades, abandoning the original â€Å"mutualist tradition† on which they had been founded. â€Å"Housing and Urban Policy,† 2005) In terms of health care, in the 1980s, Enthoven, an American economist, made an influential criticism of National Health Services’ organization. Enthoven argued that the NHS was â€Å"inefficient, riddled with perverse incentives and resistance to change,† and in the need of capitalist styles of management. â€Å"The reforms which followed were based in the belief that the NHS would be more efficient if it was organised on something more like market principles. Enthoven argued for a split between purchaser and provider, so that Health Authorities could exercise more effective control over costs and production. The NHS administration was broken up into quasi-autonomous trusts from which authorities bought services. The role of Regional Health Authorities was taken over by eight regional offices of the NHS management executive. † (â€Å"Health Care,† 2005) The United Kingdom to this day retains the mangerial innovations (or setbacks) depending on one’s point of view of the Thatcher era. Thatcher was unable to institute some politically unpopular and reactionary ideas, such as a poll tax, during the decline of her power, but the privitization of health care and housing continued, as did such policies as asking for students to pay for more of their post-secondary educations, and limiting social welfare policies within the United Kingdom. The welfare system in the United Kingdom remains universalist in theory, but less and less universalist in practice after the ending decades of the 20th century required the government to make cutting costs and competing in the global marketplace the bywords of political rhetoric and policy. How to cite UK Post-War Welfare Settlements, Papers UK Post-War Welfare Settlements Free Essays Compare and contrast the trends in the ‘settling’ ‘unsettling’ of the political, economic social settlements for the UK social policies relating to health care and social housing. (Approx 2 pages) Explain and illustrate the broad nature of the UK post-war welfare settlements (namely political, economic, social organizational) and their reconstruction in the 1980s and 1990s. In what ways has the discourse of management affected the above two areas of social policy (i. We will write a custom essay sample on UK Post-War Welfare Settlements or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. health care social housing). In the United Kingdom, after the destruction weathered by the British populace during World War II and the subsequent poverty weathered by so many of the British peoples, the argument for the right of universal public services or the creation of an all-encompassing welfare state became popular. The idea that all British citizens had the innate right to accessible roads and a clean and healthy environment was extended to education, social housing, and to health services. Even then, however, there was some disagreement within Parliament about extending such social welfare programs to all, namely that of â€Å"cost. Selectivity is often presented as being more efficient: less money is spent to better effect. There are problems with selective services,† because â€Å"recipients have to be identified, the services can be administratively complex and expensive to run, and there are often boundary problems caused by trying to include some people while excluding others. Selective services sometimes fail to reach people in need,† and to limit the elitism that had so often marked policies in the past, universalism was adopted as the ethos of all social policy programs in the United Kingdom. â€Å"Social Policy,† 2005) Thus, unlike the solidarity system of social policy adopted in France, which attempts to provide care via mutually shred social obligations, the United Kingdom created what could be called ‘unsettling’ challenge to its former institutional system of social welfare. It created a new system, one in which need was accepted as a normal part of all British citizens social live. (â€Å"Social Policy,† 2005) This guarantee of minimum standards included a minimum income for all Britans. (â€Å"The Welfare State, 2005) The United Kingdom became a unitary state in which central government substantially directed most government activities of social welfare policy, rather than leaving the enforcement of these policies to private industry. (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Welfare such as universal health care for all citizens was provided for the population as a whole, in the same way as public services like roads, and the school system was rendered more accessible to all, as students who distinguished themselves received government support for their educations. In an institutional system, welfare is not just for the poor: it is for everyone. † The Beveridge Report of 1942 proposed a system of National Insurance, based on three cornerstones, of equal family allowances, a national health service, and the goal of full employment-this created a new idea of natural human rights than had existed before in England, and settled the question of what constituted innate human rights for the next decades, until the event of Thatcherism in the 1980’s. (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Eventually, the Beveridge Report â€Å"became a major propaganda weapon, with both major parties committed to its introduction,† because of its popularity. During the war, the coalition government had already committed itself to full employment through free universal secondary education, and the introduction of family allowances, and the right to public housing for all in the form of such innovations council flats as part of the war effort, but unlike the United States social welfare policies during World War II, the British government made a commitment to retaining this philosophy and these formal institutions even after the end of conflict. â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) After World War II, all references to the working classes were removed from British laws. â€Å"The replacement of the housing stock, particularly through clearances, became council housing’s main role, with mass building. The subsidies favoured industrial, high-rise building, though this was often more expensive than the alternatives. Quantity was more important than quality. (Housing and Urban Policy,† 2005) When the Labour Government was elected in 1945 it introduced three key acts: the 1946 National Insurance Act, which implemented the Beveridge scheme for social security and old-age pensions, the National Health Service Act 1946; and the 1948 National Assistance Act, which abolished the Poor Law while making provision for welfare services such as housing. † (â€Å"Social Policy in the United Kingdom,† 2005) Thus, the United Kingdom became a unitary state in which central government substantially directed most government activity. However, during the 1980’s and 1990’s, the rise of Thatcherism began to bring a new ethos to the land. In terms of social housing policy, for example, â€Å"the growth of owner-occupation in Britain† based on tax advantages became more common in the 1980s and 1990s. The Building Societie once founded on a social, co-operative and non-profit making basis, became banks during these decades, abandoning the original â€Å"mutualist tradition† on which they had been founded. In terms of health care, in the 1980s, Enthoven, an American economist, made an influential criticism of National Health Services’ organization. Enthoven argued that the NHS was â€Å"inefficient, riddled with perverse incentives and resistance to change,† and in the need of capitalist styles of management. â€Å"The reforms which followed were based in the belief that the NHS would be more efficient if it was organised on something more like market principles. Enthoven argued for a split between purchaser and provider, so that Health Authorities could exercise more effective control over costs and production. The NHS administration was broken up into quasi-autonomous trusts from which authorities bought services. The role of Regional Health Authorities was taken over by eight regional offices of the NHS management executive. † (â€Å"Health Care,† 2005) The United Kingdom to this day retains the mangerial innovations (or setbacks) depending on one’s point of view of the Thatcher era. Thatcher was unable to institute some politically unpopular and reactionary ideas, such as a poll tax, during the decline of her power, but the privitization of health care and housing continued, as did such policies as asking for students to pay for more of their post-secondary educations, and limiting social welfare policies within the United Kingdom. The welfare system in the United Kingdom remains universalist in theory, but less and less universalist in practice after the ending decades of the 20th century required the government to make cutting costs and competing in the global marketplace the bywords of political rhetoric and policy. How to cite UK Post-War Welfare Settlements, Essay examples

Amazon CRM Systems Case Study by Top Experts†Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAmazon CRM Systems Case Study. Answer: Introduction Amazon provides all kinds of products customer needs in one place and the purchase process on website is made easy by the company through features like one-click purchase and card storing for future purchases. Other benefits that add to the user experience on Amazon website include product recommendations based on buying patterns, giveaways, kindle services like Prime and library and so on. Such innovative features and ideas that are capable of capturing the audience attention and increase their retention on the website actually result from analysis of the CRM data. In the background, Amazon uses a very high end advanced CRM system that captures customer data including their personal details and previous purchases so that their experience can be tailored to their preferences to engage them on website. This paper explores how Amazon makes use of the CRM system to formulate marketing strategies and how the customers are affected by these. Based on the study certain general recommendations can be made for any organization for the successful usage of CRM for increasing user engagement and retention in a business. Amazon CRM system takes care of some key functions in an organization including customer support, marketing, executive information, ERP integration, data synchronization, sales management and time management. CRM Functions Deliverables Support systems Incident management; problem management, order management; contract management, dispatching; real time information transfer Marketing Campaign management; opportunity management; market segmentation; lead generation and tracking ERP integration Web data sources; 3rd party information data synchronization Mobile synchronization; synchronization with company database and application servers time management Scheduling; emailing Sales management Contact management; account management; order management; forecasting; sales cycle analysis; territory alignment; reporting Company Background Jeff Bezos found Amazon.com in 1995 with a vision to build a virtual book store at start. Initially, Amazon sold books directly and by 2000, it became a platform for reseller of different products. Now Amazon.com provides platform to four types of customers including sellers, content creators, organizations and individual customers. It now provides many more services in addition to the bookstore that include music, video products, games and other products are sold on the portal by resellers (Celep, et al., 2013). Amazon Operations Amazon uses an interactive technology on its website such that whenever a user comes online, a direct marketing principle is used for recognition of the customer through the information saved in cookies of the user machine. Based on this data, Amazon customizes recommendations for users using calculations done on sophisticated statistical software running in the background. Every product listed on the website carries information about the category they belong to and when this information is matched with data found in cookies, automatic recommendations can be made by the software tool such that customers are provided recommendations based on his or her interests. Besides this, customers also receive communication from Amazon through emails including purchase recommendations tailored to their personal characteristics or information. Amazon also allows customers purchasing from their website to put reviews on products which allow users to interact with each other. Amazon also gives spec ial rewards to customers who provide valuable reviews. Amazon was one of the first retailers to adopt data efficiency and highest level of customer services through optimization of product information on the portal pages. This information included product details, inventory status, price comparisons, delivery and payment options, promotional offers, fulfilment options, user reviews, cross-selling products, and more. All this information was provided through a single user interface that helped buyers take informed decisions. Amazon systems analyze the transaction details of customers and their product search histories to come up with personalized and optimized sales pages. Amazon uses Customer Relationship Management techniques for managing their customer expectations(CDW, 2009) Amazon Information System Initially Amazon has been using separate systems for order fulfilment and website management but in the year 2000, Amazon invested $200 million to develop a new comprehensive system which included Epiphany analysis software, manugistics logistics solution, Oracle DBMS and Excelon B2B integration system. Amazon had its own cloud solution called Amazon Web Service (AWS) which it used for managing information about its customers and products. It also builds a SAS (Smart Analysis Search) for tracking the frauds in the ecommerce space which works through analysis of the patterns of the user behaviour they display. This makes it possible for the organization to measure customer usage patterns and personalize their experience for providing better services. Amazon runs its operations over a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) based decentralized information system that is both robust and scalable. The information system of Amazon includes: Transaction Processing System: For ordering products, Amazon makes a visitor create an account on the website which starts the process of collection of the customer data. Based on this data, a personalized experience in provide while using features like shipping cart, wish list, and single click ordering are used. Moreover, the CRM data is also utilized for promotional purposes in which email communications are send to customers. Registered users can also store their payment and credit card details to later use for fast purchases reducing the time lag between the intension to purchase and checkout and thus increasing the probability of a purchase and reducing probability of change of decision. Recommendation System: Based on the behaviour of a consumer over the website including their search and purchase patters, a recommender system, which involves linking and data mining procedures, is triggered which comes up with product purchase recommendations. For instance, in case a person is buying a fiction book, the recommender system would through recommendations on related books. This makes Amazon appear like an interactive platform and increases customer engagement and satisfaction from experience. Supply Chain Management: Amazon runs an automated warehousing and supply chain management system which is linked with the CRM system. Enterprise Resource planning: Oracle ERP systems are used by Amazon for storing customer and other organization related data. This system allows execution of an automated order management process in which the system searches for nearest distribution centre, the moment a product is ordered by a customer and triggers the logistics processes for distribution. Because of automation in order processing system, human errors are avoided and these least instances of wrong deliveries or other order related issues. Customer Relationship Management: The CRM system maintains a database in which a huge amount of data about customers and their usage patterns is stored including payment card details, transaction records and histories, order histories, personal profile, browsing history, customer feedback, wish list, product reviews, . Order processing systems makes use of the transaction records stored in the CRM databases to process orders and execute triggers delivery applications for initiating shipment. Further, the CRM data is also used for triggering automatic communication with customers through email or direct messages. Customer services, sales systems and communication management systems are integrated through this CRM system which is used by the three as a common database to work with. CRM Strategy CRM is not just about the implementation of a technological solution but also about developing strategic relationships and analyzing CRM data to understand customers. Amazon uses a 10 step CRM strategy that includes following steps: Investment: Amazon makes investments into its operations based on the value created for customers. It has invested $200 million to build its CRM system and also uses other technologies that are integrated with the system including warehousing systems, order processing, ERP, recommender system and more. Relationship: The customer relationships are optimized by Amazon in various ways. Reputation: While creating marketing messages, Amazon appropriately communicates its value and positioning Relevance: Every customer community is provided services in appropriate ways. The recommender system makes use of the CRM data to come up purchase recommendations having list of products that are most relevant for a specific customer profile. Values: A value that is enduring is created for customers of Amazon. The CRM system of Amazon works on three main ideas for value creation that include limitless inventory, high margin at lowest price and excellent customer care. Touchpoints: Relationships between different kinds of consumer touchpoints are identified and managed by employees of the organization. The company uses various touchpoints to connect with the customers including cart, emails, checkout, mobile application, social media, call centre, registration, search and so on . For instance, an area containing cart and surrounding area is called as a ready to buy area by Amazon as it is the point at which the customer is ready for a purchase. At this point Amazon communicates with the customers through some assurance messages like You can always cancel, additional purchase options and other information such as related products, other products, bundled offers, delivery details and so on. Imagination: Imagination is used to provide a unique customer experience. Promotions offers like Best Buy, Todays deals, lightening deals, Amazon Prime and more are able to help retain customers on website. Learning: Amazon captures data about consumers and analysis the same to learn something useful for the company from customers. For instance, Amazon allows users to add items they like to purchase in future in their wish lists that helps company understand the interests of users. This information can be used while doing direct marketing such that customers about communicated about offers based on their interests in various products (IMRAN, 2014). Technology: Amazon uses sophisticated technology for managing CRM. On the first entry on the website, featured products are the first to see but after a registration already happens, subsequent visits are responses by messages coming from recommender system based on the customer interest and understanding of personality. Stakeholders: While managing CRM, key stakeholders who can be affected are also considered(Jenkinson Sain, 2005). When Amazon gets reviews from customers on various books sold over the platform, the same is also shared with its other shareholders including authors and publishers which can help the organization to make more profits(Dalfard, et al., 2012). Amazon Loyalty Model Amazon runs a loyalty program which delivers additional benefits to its customers through a Prime membership. On the website, A Prime Explainer page in maintained that clearly communicates the benefits those customers would receive from the membership. These benefits are decided on the basis of mapping done between customer preferences and Amazons capabilities. Some of these benefits include free two day shipping which is the most preferred speed at which customers would like to receive their products. Amazon also provides some add on services to its customers through third parties like Apple Music and Netflix. With the loyalty schemes running on Amazon, many of the first time purchasers come back for a repurchase and the investment that the company has to make for repeat customers is lesser. For instance, for book purchasers, the average earning for Amazon is $50 per book for first time purchase and $40 per visit after that(Srivastava, 2001). The loyalty program is build by anticipating the needs of customers, stimulating the same and providing them assistance in searching for the items they needs. Amazon also provides them information on products and recommendations on the basis of their search so that they can evaluate product and takes a decision on purchase. Once a customer goes in to purchase area, the assurance messages and additional information is also provided as the system us optimized. Post purchase, Amazon had additional offers and communication for engaging them. For running the loyalty scheme, Amazon makes use of several strategies such as: A 0.16 cents system on Amazon.com in which customers are returned with a cash back of 0.16 cents if the price of an item falls after making a purchase. The amount promised is very small for Amazon but it does create a feeling of having integrity in the customer bringing in more loyalty. Amazon Prime targets the customer pain points and solves them in the membership program by adding them as benefits such as free shipping, lower priced items, and free kindle books and so on. Amazon is likely to face fierce competition from other ecommerce players such as EBay and Flipkart and thus, the company should keep monitoring their competitive strategies and respond to them to stay ahead in the competition. This would include an understanding of how competition is responding to marketing strategies adopted by Amazon as they may also affect the position of the company. For instance, in response to the reading library feature of Amazon, Flipkart also came up with a books library. Offer zone has become a common functionality now for most nig ecommerce retailers. Conclusions Recommendations The paper explored the case study of Amazon and made an attempt to understand how they use their CRM systems for managing customers. It was found that the company uses a highly sophisticated CRM system which is integrated with its other information systems including ERP, Order Processing system, and Warehousing system. It also runs a recommender system in which the data about registered customers is used to understand their preferences to make recommendations on products that have highest possibility to making a sale for specific customer as the recommendations are personalized. The CRM data is also used for the purpose of marketing and direct promotion such that based on the customer buying and search patterns on the website, customized communication is sent to them over emails. Based on the study, certain recommendations can be made for Amazon to improve its CRM systems and processes such as: Improving customer loyalty: Customers feel satisfied when they get what is expected but when they receive more than that then they become loyal. Based on the consumer buying patterns and understanding of their interest and preferences, Amazon can come up with special offers or other forms of benefits that can help them improve customer loyalty. Free Shipment: Free shipment is something all customers look for when purchasing a product online but Amazon does not provide free shipping on every product and thus, if the company could increase the number of products that get free shipping then it can encourage customers more into buying. Often for products that are low priced, shipping charges can actually discourage customers. For instance, if Amazon comes up with a 60% sale on books and as a result, a book price is brought down to only Rs. 90 then if there is 50 of delivery charges then the book purchase or sale would not make much benefit for the customer and thus, a customer may choose to leave the deal. Improve Prime Service: The membership is focused on getting more purchases from regular users as the benefits are tailored for them. This can bring in more loyalty from customers who are frequent purchasers but does not take into account the occasional customers. The membership is paid after a month which would further discourage occasional customers to get into Prime. Prime can be made more engaging even for these occasional customers such that they can be turned into regular purchasers. Prime program accumulates points for customers but this is done through third parties like AMEX and CHASE which can create confusion in customers on how these points are maintained and can benefit them. References "An Arid Amazon?". Science 290.5500 (2000): 2209f-2209. Web. Behera, Chittaranjan. "An Insight To CRM Ebusiness Solution". IJAR 3.7 (2011): 358-360. Web. CDW, 2009. Customer Relationship Management: Improving customer interactions with this powerful technology, s.l.: CDW. Celep, E., Zerenler, M. ahin, E., 2013. Customer Relationship Management as a Tool for Sustainable Competitive Advantage and Exemplar Companies with Worldwide Success. Clarke, Stuart. "CRM A Promise Broken?". OR Insight 16.2 (2003): 12-15. Web. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(10), pp. 731-736. Dalfard, V. M., Jafari, A. Alizadeh, T., 2012. Application of Knowledge Management in Customer Relationship Management Processes. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology , 4(12), pp. 1762-1766. IMRAN, M. A. A., 2014. A Study on Amazon: Information Systems,Business Strategies ande-CRM, s.l.: ResearchGate. Jenkinson, A. Sain, B., 2005. Amazon bonding customers with integrated service , s.l.: Luton Business School . Larson, R., 2009. The Future of Customer Relationship Management, s.l.: Liberty University. Srivastava, J., 2001. Analytical Customer Relationship Management, s.l.: University of Minnesota.